What does the abbreviation "PO" stand for in medical prescriptions?

The abbreviation "PO" stands for "per os," which is a Latin term meaning "by mouth." This indicates that a medication should be taken orally, as opposed to other routes of administration. Oral administration is one of the most common ways to deliver medications since it is generally convenient, safe, and often allows for slower, controlled absorption into the bloodstream.

In contrast, the other abbreviations represent different routes of drug administration: "intravenously" refers to medications given directly into the bloodstream through a vein, "subcutaneously" describes medications injected into the layer of fat beneath the skin, and "topically" refers to medications applied directly to a particular area of the skin or mucous membranes. Understanding these terms is essential in pharmacy and healthcare, ensuring that medications are administered correctly to achieve their intended effects.