What is the mechanism of action for monoamine oxidase inhibitors?

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) function by blocking the enzyme monoamine oxidase, which is responsible for breaking down neurotransmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine in the brain. By inhibiting this enzyme, MAOIs allow for an increase in the levels of these neurotransmitters, which can help alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety.

This mechanism is crucial because many mood disorders are associated with low levels of these neurotransmitters. Consequently, the action of MAOIs leads to enhanced neurotransmitter availability, improving mood and emotional well-being. Other options presented focus on different mechanisms of action not related to MAOIs, such as targeting reuptake processes, enhancing dopamine production directly, or affecting the cough reflex, which do not pertain to how MAOIs achieve their therapeutic effects.