What is the mechanism of action for Amlodipine as an antihypertensive?

Amlodipine is classified as a calcium channel blocker, which is the correct understanding of its mechanism of action as an antihypertensive. Calcium channel blockers work by inhibiting the entry of calcium ions into vascular smooth muscle and cardiac muscle. The reduction of calcium availability leads to relaxation of the vascular smooth muscle, resulting in vasodilation. This vasodilation decreases peripheral vascular resistance and lowers blood pressure, making it effective in treating hypertension.

In addition to lowering blood pressure, calcium channel blockers like Amlodipine can also reduce the workload on the heart, which can be beneficial for patients with angina or other heart-related conditions. The specificity of Amlodipine for vascular smooth muscle makes it particularly effective in managing high blood pressure without significantly affecting heart rate.

The other options involve different mechanisms. Beta blockers work by blocking the effects of adrenaline on the heart, ACE inhibitors prevent the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, and diuretics promote sodium and water excretion to reduce blood volume. Each of these classes functions differently, emphasizing the importance of recognizing Amlodipine's unique role as a calcium channel blocker in hypertension management.