What solid oral dosage form typically has localized effects and is designed to be sucked or chewed?

The solid oral dosage form that is designed to have localized effects and is meant to be sucked or chewed is the lozenge or troche. These formulations are specifically designed to dissolve slowly in the mouth, allowing for the release of active ingredients that can act on the throat or mucosal surfaces. This localized treatment is particularly useful for soothing sore throats or delivering medications directly to the oral cavity, where they can exert their effects quickly.

In contrast, elixirs are liquid formulations that may be ingested but do not provide localized action in the same way as lozenges do. Creams and pastes are topical formulations primarily used for skin applications rather than being ingested; they are not meant for oral use and therefore do not fit the criteria of the question. Thus, the lozenge or troche stands out as the correct answer due to its intended use and formulation characteristics.